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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

3.0K
Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

467
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
306
Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
293
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

527
The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
527
Anatomy of the Heart01:27

Anatomy of the Heart

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The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Model of Ischemic Heart Disease and Video-Based Comparison of Cardiomyocyte Contraction Using hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes
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Mortality From Ischemic Heart Disease.

Alexandra N Nowbar1, Mauro Gitto1,2, James P Howard1

  • 1International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (A.N.N., M.G., J.P.H., D.P.F., R.A.-L.).

Circulation. Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes
|June 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains a leading global cause of death, but mortality rates are declining in most countries. Future progress may be challenged by rising obesity and hypertension, particularly in developing nations.

Keywords:
coronary artery diseaseepidemiologyheart diseasesmortalitynoncommunicable diseasesrisk factorsstatistics

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research

Background:

  • Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading global cause of mortality, with significant international variations in incidence and trends.
  • Understanding these variations and temporal changes is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze global mortality data for Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) from 2005 to 2015.
  • To explore patterns in IHD mortality related to age, sex, income, and geographic location.
  • To examine trends in IHD and other noncommunicable diseases alongside cardiovascular risk factors in select countries.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of World Health Organization mortality data (2005-2015).
  • Calculation of crude and age-standardized mortality rates for individual countries.
  • Trend analysis of IHD and other noncommunicable diseases (lung cancer, stroke, chronic lower respiratory diseases) in 5 illustrative countries.
  • Examination of simultaneous trends in cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, hypertension, obesity, type II diabetes mellitus).

Main Results:

  • Ischemic heart disease (IHD) was the leading cause of death in the 5 illustrative countries (UK, US, Brazil, Kazakhstan, Ukraine).
  • Mortality from IHD progressively decreased in these countries between 2005 and 2015.
  • Significant variations in age-standardized IHD mortality rates were observed, with Ukraine and Kazakhstan showing higher rates than the US, Brazil, and UK.
  • Declines in smoking and hypertension were noted, alongside increases in obesity and type II diabetes mellitus across the 5 countries.

Conclusions:

  • Ischemic heart disease (IHD) persists as the primary cause of death globally across all income levels.
  • While IHD mortality rates are decreasing in many countries, offering potential for further reduction, emerging challenges exist.
  • Increasing rates of hypertension in some developing nations and the global rise in obesity pose significant future risks to cardiovascular health and may impede progress in reducing IHD mortality.