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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Swimming Performance Assessment in Fishes
Published on: May 20, 2011
Swimming from coast to coast: a novel fixed-gear swimming gait in fish
E D Gellman1, T R Tandler1, D J Ellerby1
1Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College , 106 Central Street, Wellesley, MA 02481 , USA.
Abstract:
Bluegill sunfish use intermittent propulsion during volitional swimming. The function of this propulsive mode during routine swimming has not been well quantified. At low speeds, propulsive cycle frequencies and amplitudes were constant, and average speed and power output were controlled by modulating coasting duration. This fixed-gear gait may accommodate muscle level constraints on power production. At higher speeds bluegills switched to a mixed power-modulation strategy, increasing speed and power through increased propulsive cycle frequency and reduced coasting time.
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