Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Curtain Flow Column: Optimization of Efficiency and Sensitivity
Published on: June 12, 2016
The effect of column packing procedure on column end efficiency and on bed heterogeneity - Experiments with
Dóra Zelenyánszki1, Nándor Lambert2, Fabrice Gritti3
1Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry and Szentágothai Research Center, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.
Abstract:
The effect of column end structure and bed heterogeneity of six commercially available reversed-phase chromatographic columns for fast liquid chromatography with different column packing materials - such as fully porous (Waters XBridge C18 with 1.7 μm particles) and superficially porous (Waters CORTECS C18 with 1.6 μm particles), with column dimension of 2.1 × 50, 100 or 150 mm were tested with flow-reversal method. The method includes arresting the flow when a non-retained marker (thiourea) has penetrated to a given distance into the column and then reversing the column. Hence, when the flow has been restarted, the sample is eluted at the same end of the column where it entered. The experiments showed that all columns are axially heterogeneous, and some differences could be observed between the two respective column ends. Furthermore, we can conclude that the shorter columns are axially more homogeneous than the longer ones, thus the column length is an influencing factor on the column packing procedure.
Related Concept Videos
Column Efficiency: Plate Theory
A higher number of theoretical plates signifies better column efficiency and improved separation capabilities. Plate height affects bandwidth and separation quality; it is inversely...
Column Efficiency: Rate Theory
During elution, a solute molecule experiences numerous transitions between stationary and mobile phases, exhibiting irregular residence times in...
Muscles of the Vertebral Column
Superficial Layer:
The superficial layer consists primarily of the splenius muscles, which include the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis. These muscles are mainly responsible for the head and cervical spine movements, including extension, rotation, and lateral bending. The splenius capitis...
Types Of Column Chromatography
Gel Filtration Chromatography
When the...
Diffusion on Chromatography Columns
Longitudinal diffusion occurs when the solute molecules in the mobile phase diffuse from the more concentrated center of the chromatographic band to the more dilute regions on either side, both towards and against the flow direction. This...
Principles Of Column Chromatography

