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In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
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Video Technologies for Recording Open Surgery: A Systematic Review.

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Technological limitations hinder intraoperative video recording for open surgery. This systematic review highlights current technologies and their drawbacks, emphasizing the need for innovation in surgical video capture.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical technology
  • Surgical innovation
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • Video recording is crucial for surgical education, performance enhancement, and error analysis.
  • Current technology for recording open surgical procedures is limited, creating an unmet need.
  • Open surgery remains a fundamental practice across various surgical specialties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of existing technologies for intraoperative video recording of open surgery.
  • To identify and categorize the types of cameras, their positioning, and associated limitations in current literature.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
  • Searches were performed on MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, and EMBASE databases.
  • Two authors independently screened 2275 publications, with 110 included in the final analysis after full-text review.

Main Results:

  • Primary-technical articles (29%) dominated, with general surgery (22%) and plastic surgery (18%) being the most represented specialties.
  • The GoPro camera (30%) in a head-mount configuration (60%) was the most frequently cited device.
  • Commonly reported limitations included poor video quality, insufficient battery life, light overexposure, team member obstruction, and excessive motion.

Conclusions:

  • Technological advancements are critical to address the limitations in capturing open surgical procedures.
  • This review provides valuable insights for guiding future development of novel intraoperative video recording technologies.
  • Improving video capture capabilities is essential for advancing open surgery practices.