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Substrate Generation for Endonucleases of CRISPR/Cas Systems
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CRISPR-Cas Systems in Streptococci.

Tao Gong1, Miao Lu1, Xuedong Zhou1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|June 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Streptococci possess CRISPR-Cas systems, providing adaptive immunity against mobile genetic elements. This review covers their types, functions, and mechanisms, aiding in discovering new applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Streptococci are key members of the host microbiota, inhabiting respiratory and urogenital tracts.
  • CRISPR-Cas systems offer bacteria adaptive immunity against mobile genetic elements like viruses.
  • These systems are prevalent and functionally significant in streptococci.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on CRISPR-Cas systems in streptococci.
  • To detail their classification, function, and defense mechanisms.
  • To explore potential applications and future discoveries.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on CRISPR-Cas systems in streptococci.
  • Analysis of CRISPR-Cas system classification (Types I, II, III).
  • Examination of defense mechanisms: adaptation, crRNA biogenesis, interference.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR-Cas systems in streptococci are diverse, mainly belonging to Types I, II, and III.
  • Detailed understanding of their physiological roles and defense strategies.
  • Identified applications and potential for novel system discovery.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-Cas systems in streptococci are crucial for microbial immunity and adaptation.
  • Advances in understanding these systems facilitate new technological applications.
  • Further research may uncover novel CRISPR-Cas systems in other species.