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Physical Exertion Immediately Before Early Preterm Delivery: A Case-Crossover Study.

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Moderate or heavy physical exertion significantly increases the risk of early preterm delivery within an hour. This heightened risk, especially from heavy exertion, underscores the need for caution during pregnancy.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Occupational Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Occupational physical exertion is linked to increased preterm delivery risk.
  • Leisure physical activity is generally associated with reduced risks.
  • The immediate risk of preterm delivery following moderate or heavy exertion remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between immediate episodes of moderate or heavy physical exertion and the risk of early preterm delivery.

Main Methods:

  • A case-crossover study involving 722 women hospitalized for early preterm delivery (20-34 weeks gestation).
  • Interviews were conducted in seven hospitals in Lima, Peru, between March 2013 and December 2015.
  • Data collected on physical exertion in the hours preceding delivery.

Main Results:

  • Early preterm delivery risk was 5.82 times higher in the hour after moderate or heavy physical exertion compared to other times.
  • The risk was significantly higher following heavy exertion (RR = 23.62) than moderate exertion (RR = 2.43).
  • Women who were habitually active had a lower risk following moderate exertion compared to sedentary women (RR = 1.56 vs. 6.91).

Conclusions:

  • A heightened risk of early preterm delivery exists in the hour following moderate or heavy physical exertion.
  • The intensity of exertion plays a crucial role in the associated risk.
  • Habitual physical activity may offer some protection against exertion-related preterm delivery risk.