Acute Tubular Necrosis from Rhabdomyolysis from Leg Compartment Syndrome: A Case Report

A 31-year-old male sustained acute compartment syndrome to his left leg after a low-energy fall and required a 4-compartment fasciotomy release. His immediate postoperative course was complicated by acute tubular necrosis (ATN) with creatinine elevated to 4.89 mg/dL from rhabdomyolysis. ATN was managed with aggressive hydration, sodium bicarbonate, and alkaline diuresis, and his creatinine levels improved.

ATN from rhabdomyolysis is a rare complication of compartment syndrome that requires high suspicion and timely treatment to prevent further nephrotoxicity and the resultant increases in mortality. It is imperative for orthopedic surgeons to be aware of this potential complication.