Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Physiology of Enteric Nervous System and Gut Health01:05

Physiology of Enteric Nervous System and Gut Health

906
The gastrointestinal tract, responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, is safeguarded by the intestinal barrier, which consists of secretory, physical, and immune components. At the forefront is the secretory barrier, composed of essential elements such as mucus, gut microbiota, and defense proteins. They collaborate to break down food particles, facilitate nutrient absorption, and maintain optimal gut health. These secretory components ensure the smooth functioning of the...
906
The Colonization of Land02:22

The Colonization of Land

37.5K
Changes in the environment of the early Earth drove the evolution of organisms. As prokaryotic organisms in the oceans began to photosynthesize, they produced oxygen. Eventually, oxygen saturated the oceans and entered the air, resulting in an increase in atmospheric oxygen concentration, known as the oxygen revolution approximately 2.3 billion years ago. Therefore, organisms that could use oxygen for cellular respiration had an advantage. More than 1.5 years ago, eukaryotic cells and...
37.5K
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

59.5K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
59.5K
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

1.7K
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
1.7K
Resistivity01:22

Resistivity

4.4K
When a voltage is applied to a conductor, an electrical field is generated, and charges in the conductor feel the force due to the electrical field. The current density that results depends on the electrical field and the properties of the material. In some materials, including metals at a given temperature, the current density is approximately proportional to the electrical field. In these cases, the current density can be modeled as:
4.4K
Resistance01:19

Resistance

5.7K
When a current moves through any conductor, the conductor causes some level of difficulty for the current to flow. The measure of that difficulty is known as the resistance of the material and is represented by R. Every material has its own resistance. In the case of conductors, heat is emitted whenever a current passes through them. Resistance depends on the resistivity of the material. Resistivity is a characteristic of the material used to fabricate electrical components, whereas the...
5.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Biovigilance in Faecal Microbiota Transplantation: 7-Year Cohort Study and Framework for Microbiological Assessments of Infectious Adverse Events.

United European gastroenterology journal·2026
Same author

Experimental human colonisation with non-toxigenic Clostridioides difficile: a placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Increasing trend in fusidic acid resistance among MRSA isolates in the Netherlands, 2016-23.

JAC-antimicrobial resistance·2025
Same author

Increase of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> PCR ribotype 002 infection with decreased disease severity in hospitalized patients in the Netherlands.

Microbiology spectrum·2025
Same author

Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies accumulation of Fcgr2b+ virtual memory like CD8 T cells with cytotoxic and inflammatory potential in aged mouse white adipose tissue.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Host origin of microbiota drives functional recovery and <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> clearance in mice.

mBio·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

A Method to Assess Bacteriocin Effects on the Gut Microbiota of Mice
07:54

A Method to Assess Bacteriocin Effects on the Gut Microbiota of Mice

Published on: July 25, 2017

14.7K

Gut Microbiota and Colonization Resistance against Bacterial Enteric Infection.

Q R Ducarmon1,2, R D Zwittink3,2, B V H Hornung3,2

  • 1Center for Microbiome Analyses and Therapeutics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands q.r.ducarmon@lumc.nl.

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR
|June 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The gut microbiome provides colonization resistance (CR) against pathogens through various mechanisms. However, drugs and pathogens can disrupt CR, leading to infections.

Keywords:
bacterial enteric infectionbacteriocinsbacteriophagesbile acidscolonization resistanceenteric pathogensgut microbiotamicrobiomemucus layernutrient competitionshort-chain fatty acids

More Related Videos

Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota
06:23

Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota

Published on: February 15, 2019

14.8K
Investigating the Alleviating Effects of Bacillus cereus Administration on Colitis through Gut Microbiota Modulation
08:34

Investigating the Alleviating Effects of Bacillus cereus Administration on Colitis through Gut Microbiota Modulation

Published on: July 27, 2022

1.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

A Method to Assess Bacteriocin Effects on the Gut Microbiota of Mice
07:54

A Method to Assess Bacteriocin Effects on the Gut Microbiota of Mice

Published on: July 25, 2017

14.7K
Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota
06:23

Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota

Published on: February 15, 2019

14.8K
Investigating the Alleviating Effects of Bacillus cereus Administration on Colitis through Gut Microbiota Modulation
08:34

Investigating the Alleviating Effects of Bacillus cereus Administration on Colitis through Gut Microbiota Modulation

Published on: July 27, 2022

1.2K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in preventing infections by harmful microorganisms.
  • Mechanisms of gut microbiota-mediated colonization resistance (CR) include antimicrobial secretion, nutrient competition, barrier support, and bacteriophages.
  • Disruption of CR by factors like antibiotics can lead to opportunistic infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota confers colonization resistance against bacterial enteric infections.
  • To summarize how bacterial enteropathogens overcome this host defense.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on gut microbiota, colonization resistance, and bacterial enteropathogens.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on the interplay between microbiota, pathogens, and host defense.

Main Results:

  • Gut microbiota employs diverse strategies to inhibit pathogen colonization.
  • Enteropathogens possess sophisticated mechanisms to evade or overcome microbiota-mediated resistance.
  • Drugs like antibiotics, PPIs, antidiabetics, and antipsychotics can disrupt the gut microbiome and compromise CR.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding microbiota-mediated CR is vital for combating bacterial enteric infections.
  • Targeting the gut microbiome may offer novel therapeutic strategies against infections.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate CR mechanisms and pathogen evasion tactics.