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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
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When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
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Confounding is a critical issue in epidemiological studies, often leading to misleading conclusions about associations between exposures and outcomes. It occurs when the relationship between the exposure and the outcome is mixed with the effects of other factors that influence the outcome. Given that, addressing confounding is of high importance for drawing accurate inferences in research.
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Health is a condition of the body, mind, and spirit where an individual remains free from illness. Similarly, wellness is an active state, including living a lifestyle that promotes physical, mental, and emotional health. Physical health is critical for the overall well-being and can be affected by lifestyle, activity level, diet, and behavior. The highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental and universal human right. Consider Lisa, a fifteen-year-old born with congenital...
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Dimensions of Health and Illness01:21

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The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
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Addressing Illness-Related Chronic Absences.

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Chronic absenteeism impacts 14% of students. A quality improvement project in California found most absences were due to illness, leading to new nursing interventions for students with chronic absences.

Keywords:
attendance trackingchronic absencechronic illnessillness absencequality improvementschool nursestudent academic outcomes

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Educational Psychology
  • Nursing Practice

Background:

  • Chronic absenteeism affects 14% of students nationwide, impacting academic achievement.
  • A review of attendance data from a Southern California high school identified illness as a primary driver of chronic absenteeism.
  • Students with chronic absences due to illness were not previously referred for nursing intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze district attendance processes and policies.
  • To identify the primary causes of chronic absenteeism in a high school population.
  • To implement a quality improvement project to facilitate early nursing intervention for students with chronic absences.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of district attendance data, policies, and processes.
  • Review of attendance histories for 117 ninth and tenth graders with chronic absenteeism.
  • Implementation of a quality improvement project to track and address illness-related absences.

Main Results:

  • 66% of absences among chronically absent students were attributed to illness.
  • The quality improvement project supported adopting a specific code for illness-related absences.
  • A district procedure for illness-related chronic absence was adopted for early nursing intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Early nursing intervention can address chronic absences due to illness.
  • Implementing specific coding for illness absences facilitates targeted support.
  • This project highlights the role of school nurses in quality improvement and care coordination within the NASN Framework for 21st Century School Nursing Practice™.