Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Ions as Acids and Bases

Ions as Acids and Bases

Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:

Common Ion Effect

Common Ion Effect

Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...

Formation of Complex Ions

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...

Precipitation of Ions

Precipitation of Ions

Predicting Precipitation
The equation that describes the equilibrium between solid calcium carbonate and its solvated ions is:

Ion Channels

Ion Channels

The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Dual-spectra encoded suspension array using reversed-phase microemulsion UV curing and electrostatic self-assembling.

RSC advances·2022

Same author

Optical Thickness-Encoded Suspension Array for High-Throughput Multiplexed Gene Detection.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2019

Same author

Gold-nanorod-enhanced Raman spectroscopy encoded micro-quartz pieces for the multiplex detection of biomolecules.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2019

Same author

Fluorometric determination of copper(II) by using 3-aminophenylboronic acid-functionalized CdTe quantum dot probes.

Mikrochimica acta·2019

Same author

Preconception blood pressure and time to pregnancy among couples attempting to conceive their first pregnancy.

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology·2019

Same author

Knockdown of SNHG8 repressed the growth, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by directly sponging with miR-663.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2019

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Genetic Barcoding with Fluorescent Proteins for Multiplexed Applications

Genetic Barcoding with Fluorescent Proteins for Multiplexed Applications

Published on: April 14, 2015

Ion-chelation based digital barcodes for multiplexing of a suspension array.

Guangxia Feng¹, Tian Guan, Qinghua He

¹Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China. heyh@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn.

|June 7, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New ion-chelated microbeads (ICMs) offer stable, high-capacity digital barcoding for assays. These microbeads avoid fluorescence interference, enabling sensitive multiplexed detection with a low limit of 1.49 × 10^-10 M.

More Related Videos

Design and Use of Multiplexed Chemostat Arrays

Design and Use of Multiplexed Chemostat Arrays

Published on: February 23, 2013

Flow-pattern Guided Fabrication of High-density Barcode Antibody Microarray

Flow-pattern Guided Fabrication of High-density Barcode Antibody Microarray

Published on: January 6, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Genetic Barcoding with Fluorescent Proteins for Multiplexed Applications

Genetic Barcoding with Fluorescent Proteins for Multiplexed Applications

Published on: April 14, 2015

Design and Use of Multiplexed Chemostat Arrays

Design and Use of Multiplexed Chemostat Arrays

Published on: February 23, 2013

Flow-pattern Guided Fabrication of High-density Barcode Antibody Microarray

Flow-pattern Guided Fabrication of High-density Barcode Antibody Microarray

Published on: January 6, 2016

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Analytical Chemistry
Biotechnology

Background:

Suspension arrays require robust encoding materials for multiplexed detection.
Traditional methods face challenges with coding capacity and background interference.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop novel ion-chelated microbeads (ICMs) for enhanced suspension array applications.
To demonstrate the digital characteristics, stability, and multiplexing capabilities of ICMs.

Main Methods:

Preparation of ICMs by chelating metal ions (MIs) as encoding materials.
Utilizing laser-induced breakdown spectra (LIBS) for signal generation and decoding.
Performing fluoroimmunoassay to validate specificity and detection performance.

Main Results:

Achieved 15 distinct barcodes using 4 types of ions, demonstrating high coding capacity.
ICMs exhibited digital characteristics and high stability due to LIBS properties.
Demonstrated specificity in multiplexed fluoroimmunoassay with a detection limit as low as 1.49 × 10^-10 M.

Conclusions:

ICMs offer a stable, high-capacity, and fluorescence-free platform for multiplexed assays.
The LIBS-based decoding method provides reliable signal generation.
ICMs show significant potential for advanced diagnostic and analytical applications.