Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients with Aneurysmal SAH: Impact on Delayed Cerebral Ischemia and Clinical Outcome. A

F Cagnazzo1, I Derraz2, P-H Lefevre2

  • 1From the Neuroradiology Department (F.C., I.D., P.-H.L., G.G., C.D., C.R., A.B., V.C.), University Hospital Güi-de-Chauliac, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France f.cagnazzo86@gmail.com.

Insights

Antiplatelet therapy did not significantly reduce delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, it was associated with improved outcomes and lower mortality rates in SAH patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a major complication after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), significantly impacting patient outcomes.
  • The role of antiplatelet therapy (APT) in mitigating DCI after SAH remains controversial, with existing studies reporting heterogeneous results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the efficacy of antiplatelet therapy in reducing the incidence of DCI and improving clinical outcomes in patients following aneurysmal SAH.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across three databases for studies published between 1990 and 2019.
  • Random-effects meta-analysis was employed to synthesize data from eligible studies, comparing DCI rates, mortality, and good outcome rates between SAH patients with and without APT.

Main Results:

  • The meta-analysis included 7 studies with 1060 patients receiving APT and 1762 controls. Overall, APT did not significantly decrease DCI rates (OR=0.781, P=.33).
  • A trend towards lower DCI rates was observed in patients treated endovascularly with APT (OR=0.552, P=.06) and with long-term APT (>2 weeks) (OR=0.379, P=.06).
  • Significantly higher good outcome rates (OR=1.368, P=.002) and lower mortality rates (OR=0.656, P=.01) were associated with APT use.

Conclusions:

  • While overall DCI incidence was not significantly reduced by APT, trends suggest potential benefits in specific subgroups (endovascular treatment, long-term use).
  • Antiplatelet therapy demonstrated a significant association with improved clinical outcomes and reduced mortality in patients with aneurysmal SAH.
Abstract

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