Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
Published on: April 23, 2021
The effects of spinosad on antioxidant system and cognitive performance of mice
Abdullah Acar1, Hasan Akkoc2, Meral Erdinc2
1Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
Introduction:
There are few studies examining the effect of spinosad on cognitive functions in the literature.
Methods:
In this study, we applied spinosad 3 weeks in different doses to mice and examined their effects on antioxidant system and cognitive performance.
Results:
In the open field test, we observed a significant decrease (p < .05) in the total distance travelled and the time spent in the central area in all subjects who underwent spinosad. In the novel object recognition test, we observed decreases in the time spent with new and old objects. From the biochemical point of view, while BDNF and NGF levels were significantly lower in the spinosad applied group (p < .05), there was no difference in GPx and SOD levels (p > .05).
Conclusions:
These results show that spinosad disrupts cognitive functions at the doses we used in our study and this negative effect may be related to the decrease in neurotrophic factors.
Related Concept Videos
Cognitive Dissonance
Language and Cognition
Cognitive Therapy
Cognition and Behavior
Cognitive Learning
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
Buffer Effectiveness
The buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added to a given volume...

