Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Standardized Identification of Compound Structure in Tibetan Medicine Using Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry and Multiple-Stage Fragmentation Analysis
09:24

Standardized Identification of Compound Structure in Tibetan Medicine Using Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry and Multiple-Stage Fragmentation Analysis

Published on: March 17, 2023

1.3K

Rapid structure identification of nineteen metabolites of ondansetron in human urine using LC/MSn

Mingyu Duan1,2, Li Qin1, Dafang Zhong3

  • 1Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.

Biomedical Chromatography : BMC
|June 8, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Ondansetron, a 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, is metabolized in humans via hydroxylation, glucuronidation, sulfation, and N-demethylation. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry identified 19 metabolites in urine, including 13 new ones.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Toxicology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Ondansetron is a key antiemetic for managing nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
  • Understanding ondansetron's metabolic pathways in humans is crucial for optimizing its therapeutic use and safety profile.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively analyze the metabolic profile of ondansetron in human urine.
  • To identify and characterize novel metabolites of ondansetron.
  • To evaluate the utility of liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MSn) in ondansetron metabolic studies.

Main Methods:

  • Urine samples were collected from healthy volunteers following oral administration of 8 mg ondansetron.
  • Solid-phase extraction was employed for sample preparation.
  • Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MSn) was used for metabolite detection and identification.

Main Results:

  • Ondansetron and a total of 19 metabolites were detected in human urine.
  • Thirteen novel metabolites of ondansetron were identified.
  • Metabolism occurred primarily through hydroxylation, glucuronidation, and sulfation, with minor N-demethylation.

Conclusions:

  • Ondansetron undergoes extensive metabolism in humans, primarily via Phase II conjugation pathways.
  • LC/MSn is a sensitive and effective technique for the detailed metabolic profiling of ondansetron.
  • The identification of new metabolites provides a more complete understanding of ondansetron's pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
Keywords:
LC/MSnhuman metabolismmetabolic pathwaysondansetron

More Related Videos

Generation of Human Kidney Tubuloids from Tissue and Urine08:34

Generation of Human Kidney Tubuloids from Tissue and Urine

Published on: April 16, 2021

5.5K
Identification and Quantification of Deranged Metabolites in Critically Ill Patients Using NMR-Based Metabolomics11:02

Identification and Quantification of Deranged Metabolites in Critically Ill Patients Using NMR-Based Metabolomics

Published on: November 29, 2024

1.2K

Related Concept Videos

Filtration and Urine Formation01:32

Filtration and Urine Formation

The function of the kidneys is to filter, reabsorb, secrete, and excrete. Every day the kidneys filter nearly 180 liters of blood, initially removing water and solutes but ultimately returning nearly all filtrates into circulation with the help of osmoregulatory hormones. This process removes wastes and toxins but is also crucial to maintain water and electrolyte levels. Most of these functions are performed by the tiny but numerous nephrons contained within the kidneys.
53.4K
Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
952
Physiology of Urine Formation01:24

Physiology of Urine Formation

Urine formation is an essential function of the human body. It plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating the volume and composition of body fluids. The kidneys, the primary organs involved in this process, filter blood to remove waste products and excess substances, ultimately producing urine.
Glomerular Filtration
The first stage in urine formation is glomerular filtration. Each kidney contains approximately 1 million nephrons, the functional units of filtration, with a...
12.2K
Formation of Concentrated Urine01:23

Formation of Concentrated Urine

There is a gradient of solutes in the interstitial fluid from the renal cortex through the medulla, known as the medullary osmotic gradient. The juxtamedullary nephrons establish and maintain this gradient using countercurrent mechanisms with loops extending deep into the medulla. These nephrons also use countercurrent mechanisms to regulate urine volume and concentration. The interaction between the descending and ascending limbs of the nephron loop creates an osmotic gradient through...
3.2K
Urine Studies I: Urinalysis01:29

Urine Studies I: Urinalysis

Urinalysis is a widely used diagnostic test that analyzes urine's physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics. Healthcare providers use it to detect and monitor various health conditions, including renal disease, urinary tract infections (UTIs), diabetes, and metabolic or systemic disorders.Components of UrinalysisUrinalysis consists of three primary components: physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. Each provides unique insights into the urine sample and, by extension, the...
1.2K
Formation of Dilute Urine01:20

Formation of Dilute Urine

The formation of dilute urine is a critical renal adaptation that maintains fluid balance, particularly during periods of high fluid intake. This process primarily involves the juxtamedullary nephrons. By adjusting the permeability of water and ions in response to physiological conditions, the kidneys can either conserve or excrete water, resulting in concentrated or dilute urine.
Filtrate Osmolarity in the PCT
Initially, as the filtrate passes through the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), its...
3.0K