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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Physics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Microorganisms leave trails during surface locomotion.
  • Trail-mediated self-interaction influences microbial dynamics.
  • Previous work suggested self-interaction can localize organisms above a critical coupling (χc).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive a generalized active particle model for trail-mediated self-interaction.
  • To analyze the behavior of active particles for couplings below the critical value (χ < χc).
  • To investigate the effect of propulsion speed fluctuations on localization transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a generalized active particle model.
  • Mathematical analysis of particle dynamics under self-interaction.
  • Investigation of the role of propulsion speed fluctuations.

Main Results:

  • The study analyzes active particle dynamics for couplings below the critical threshold (χ < χc).
  • Fluctuations in propulsion speed were found to alter the localization transition.
  • Localization transitions are shifted to stronger couplings due to speed fluctuations.

Conclusions:

  • The derived model captures key features of trail-mediated self-interaction.
  • Propulsion speed fluctuations play a significant role in the localization behavior of microorganisms.
  • This research provides insights into the complex dynamics of self-interacting active particles.