Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Analysis of Lymph Node Volume by Ultra-High-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging in the Braf/Pten Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Melanoma
Published on: September 8, 2021
Clinical Outcomes of Isolated Regional Lymph Node Recurrence in Patients With Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma
Jeanny Kwon1, Young A Kim2, Cheol Lee3
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Background/Aim:
Regional lymph node recurrence (RLNR) is the most common pattern of recurrence within 2 years from the diagnosis of patients with non-metastatic malignant cutaneous melanoma. However, isolated RLNR without distant metastasis has been rarely studied.
Patients And Methods:
Forty patients with isolated RLNR as a first recurrence were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical outcomes and prognostic impact of clinicopathologic parameters were analyzed. Immunostaining for FOXP3, VEGF, pAKT, and pS6 was also performed.
Results:
The median disease-free interval from first diagnosis to isolated RLNR and post-recurrence recurrence-free survival (pRFS) were 12 months and 7.2 months, respectively. Distant failure was the most common pattern of failure after isolated RLNR (67.5%). The number of initially harvested lymph nodes (LN) >7 and LN ratio >22.2% at the time of recurrence were prognosticators for pRFS in multivariate analysis. None of the tested biomarkers were significantly related to prognosis. The 5-year post-recurrence overall survival rate was 84.9%.
Conclusion:
Most patients with isolated RLNR will experience a second failure within months, especially distantly. The number of initially harvested LNs and LN ratio at the time of recurrence could predict pRFS.
Related Concept Videos
Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia
One of the advantages of...
Predicting Reaction Outcomes
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region
Outcomes of Glycolysis
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
The Eukaryotic Promoter Region

