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Neuronal Small RNAs Control Behavior Transgenerationally.

Rachel Posner1, Itai Antoine Toker1, Olga Antonova1

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Wise Faculty of Life Sciences and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.

Cell
|June 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuronal activity can be inherited across generations in C. elegans nematodes. Neurons produce small RNAs that regulate gene expression and control offspring behavior, demonstrating transgenerational neuronal communication.

Keywords:
C. elegansepigenetic inheritanceneuronal small RNAsnon-Mendelian inheritancesmall RNA inheritancetransgenerational inheritance

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Inheritance of nervous system activity is not well understood.
  • Small RNAs can mediate transgenerational gene regulation in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if neuronal activity can be inherited across generations.
  • To elucidate the role of small RNAs in transgenerational inheritance of neuronal function.

Main Methods:

  • Studied small RNA synthesis in neurons of C. elegans.
  • Analyzed the impact of neuronal small RNAs on germline gene expression and offspring behavior.
  • Identified targets of these small RNAs, including the saeg-2 gene.

Main Results:

  • Neurons synthesize RDE-4-dependent small RNAs that regulate germline gene expression for multiple generations.
  • Neuronal small RNAs control chemotaxis behavior in progeny for at least three generations via HRDE-1.
  • Transgenerational downregulation of the saeg-2 gene is mediated by neuronal small RNAs and is crucial for stress-induced chemotaxis.

Conclusions:

  • Neuronal activity can be transmitted to subsequent generations through small RNAs.
  • A novel small-RNA-based mechanism facilitates communication of neuronal processes transgenerationally.
  • This mechanism impacts gene expression and behavior in offspring, highlighting a link between neuronal function and heritable traits.