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Scope of Antibiotic Stewardship Programs in Pediatrics

Leslie Grammatico-Guillon1,2, Lukman Abdurrahim2, Kimberley Shea2

  • 1University of Tours, Tours, France.

Clinical Pediatrics
|June 11, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs) effectively reduce antibiotic prescribing in children. While impacting antibiotic use, their effect on antimicrobial resistance requires further investigation.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health concern.
  • Effective antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs) are crucial for optimizing antibiotic use in pediatric populations.
  • Previous research has focused on adult populations, necessitating a review of pediatric-specific strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize interventions used in pediatric antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs).
  • To evaluate the impact of these pediatric ASPs on antibiotic prescribing, antibiotic consumption, and antimicrobial resistance.
  • To identify trends and characteristics of pediatric ASPs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies on pediatric antibiotic stewardship.
  • Searched databases using terms like "antimicrobial stewardship," "antibiotic stewardship," "children," and "pediatric."
  • Followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for study selection and review.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-one studies published in the last 15 years were included, with a notable increase after 2007 IDSA guidelines.
  • The majority of programs (90%) focused on inpatient settings, with 16 formalized ASPs and 5 non-ASP actions.
  • Pediatric ASPs demonstrated a reduction in antibiotic prescribing, but only one showed a significant impact on antimicrobial resistance. However, overall antibiotic consumption in pediatrics improved.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric antibiotic stewardship programs significantly contribute to improving antibiotic use in children.
  • These programs can reduce antibiotic prescribing without causing complications.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of pediatric ASPs on antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords:
antibiotic stewardshippediatricsreview

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