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Demonstration of a thymus derived, splenic suppressor cell responsible for the age-dependent decrease in contact

G Roupe, L Lindholm

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology

|April 1, 1979

Summary

Aging mice show reduced contact hypersensitivity due to splenic suppressor T cells. These cells primarily inhibit the elicitation phase of allergic contact sensitivity reactions.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Allergy Research
T cell immunology

Background:

Contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is a T cell-mediated immune response.
Aging is associated with altered immune function, including changes in hypersensitivity reactions.
The role of splenic T cells in age-related decline of CHS is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of splenic T cells in the age-related suppression of contact hypersensitivity in mice.
To determine if splenic T cells from aged mice can suppress the induction or elicitation phases of CHS.

Main Methods:

Adult thymectomized CBA mice were injected intravenously with spleen cells from intact CBA mice.
Contact hypersensitivity to picryl chloride was induced and elicited.

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The effect of spleen cell transfer on CHS was assessed, including inhibition by anti-Thy 1 serum and complement.

Spleen cells from donors pre-treated with picryl sulfonic acid were also tested.

Main Results:

Spleen cells from intact aged mice suppressed the elicitation phase of CHS.
This suppression was mediated by Thy 1-positive T cells.
The induction phase of CHS was not affected by these cells.
Spleen cells from picryl sulfonic acid-treated donors suppressed both induction and elicitation phases.

Conclusions:

A splenic suppressor T cell population emerges with age in mice.
These suppressor T cells predominantly inhibit the elicitation phase of contact hypersensitivity.
This splenic suppressor T cell activity may explain the decline in CHS in aging mice.