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Factors influencing the gut microbiome in children: from infancy to childhood

Shreyas V Kumbhare1, Dhrati V V Patangia, Ravindra H Patil

  • 1National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule University of Pune Campus, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.

Journal of Biosciences
|June 11, 2019
PubMed

Insights

The early life human microbiota is crucial for immune development and overall health. Understanding factors influencing its composition can help prevent diseases like asthma and obesity.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • The human microbiota is vital for immune system education and host health from birth.
  • Early life gut microflora is dynamic, stabilizing by age 3-4.
  • Microbial dysbiosis is linked to metabolic (obesity, diabetes) and immune disorders (asthma).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review factors influencing fetal, infant, and childhood microbial composition.
  • To understand the early life microbial community for health strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on maternal, environmental, and infant factors.
  • Analysis of microbial community dynamics in early life stages.

Main Results:

  • Maternal factors, vertical/horizontal transmission, and infant-internal factors significantly modulate gut microbiota.
  • Early microbial colonization patterns impact long-term health outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding early life microbial development is key to preventing dysbiosis-related diseases.
  • Targeting microbial composition can lead to novel health interventions.

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