Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Entropy

Entropy

Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...

Entropy

Entropy

The first law of thermodynamics is quantitatively formulated via an equation relating the internal energy of a system, the heat exchanged by it, and the work done on it. A quantitative formulation of the second law of thermodynamics leads to defining a state function, the entropy.
When an ideal gas expands isothermally, the disorder in the gas increases. From the molecular perspective, the gas molecules have more volume to move around in.
Consider an infinitesimal step in the expansion, which...

Standard Entropy Change for a Reaction

Standard Entropy Change for a Reaction

Entropy is a state function, so the standard entropy change for a chemical reaction (ΔS°rxn) can be calculated from the difference in standard entropy between the products and the reactants.

Protein and Protein Structure

Protein and Protein Structure

Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme...

Structural Protein Function

Structural Protein Function

Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity. In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to...

Protein and Protein Structures

Protein and Protein Structures

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

De novo headache after microsurgical resection or stereotactic radiosurgery of brain arteriovenous malformation.

Headache·2026

Same author

Long-term outcomes after treatment for symptomatic hemorrhage of brain arteriovenous malformations.

Annals of medicine·2026

Same author

De Novo Protein Structure Prediction by Model Quality Assessment Dynamic Feedback Mechanism Using Deep Learning.

IEEE transactions on computational biology and bioinformatics·2025

Same author

QSM predicts haemorrhage risk in brainstem cavernous malformations: a multicentre prospective study.

Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry·2025

Same author

Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors after surgery alone for brain arteriovenous malformation.

Brain circulation·2025

Same author

Radiosurgery versus observation for brainstem cavernous malformations: a 5-year multicentre cohort study.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

Published on: November 3, 2011

Protein Structure Prediction Using Population-Based Algorithm Guided by Information Entropy.

Gui-Jun Zhang, Teng-Yu Xie, Xiao-Gen Zhou

IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics

|June 11, 2019

Summary

A new population-based algorithm guided by information entropy (PAIE) improves ab initio protein structure prediction. This method uses an entropy-based strategy to switch between exploration and exploitation stages for enhanced accuracy.

More Related Videos

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide

Published on: January 15, 2017

Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling

Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling

Published on: July 4, 2007

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

Published on: November 3, 2011

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide

Published on: January 15, 2017

Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling

Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling

Published on: July 4, 2007

Area of Science:

Computational biology
Biophysics
Bioinformatics

Background:

Ab initio protein structure prediction remains a significant challenge in computational biology.
Multistage algorithms are commonly employed, but their computational costs vary across different proteins.
Efficient algorithms are crucial for advancing our understanding of protein function and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a novel population-based algorithm guided by information entropy (PAIE) for ab initio protein structure prediction.
To introduce an entropy-based stage switch strategy to optimize the exploration and exploitation phases.
To leverage torsion angle statistical information for enhanced prediction accuracy.

Main Methods:

Developed a population-based algorithm incorporating distinct exploration and exploitation stages.
Implemented an information entropy-guided strategy for dynamic switching between algorithm stages.
Utilized torsion angle statistics derived from the exploration phase to refine the exploitation phase.

Main Results:

The proposed PAIE algorithm demonstrated improved performance in protein structure prediction.
Evaluated on a benchmark set of 30 proteins and 17 CASP free modeling targets.
Achieved enhanced accuracy compared to existing methods.

Conclusions:

The PAIE algorithm offers a promising approach for accurate ab initio protein structure prediction.
The entropy-based stage switching and use of torsion angle information are key to its effectiveness.
This method contributes to addressing a fundamental problem in computational biology.