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Capacitors and Capacitance01:18

Capacitors and Capacitance

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A device consisting of two electrical conductors that are separated by a distance and used to store electrical charges is called a capacitor. The space between the conductors is either a vacuum or an insulating material, called a dielectric. Capacitors have many applications, ranging from filtering static from radio reception to energy storage in heart defibrillators.
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Equivalent Capacitance01:19

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Multiple capacitors can be connected in a circuit in series or parallel configuration. When the capacitor combination is connected to a battery, the potential drop across each capacitor and the magnitude of charge stored in the individual capacitor depends on the type of the connection. The capacitor combination is replaced by a single equivalent capacitor that stores the same amount of charge as the combination for a given potential difference.
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Equivalent Capacitance01:19

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From the study of resistive circuits, it is understood that employing a series-parallel combination serves as an effective strategy for simplifying circuits. Capacitors can be arranged within a circuit in one of two ways: a series configuration or a parallel configuration. The way these capacitors are connected to a battery will influence both the potential drop across each individual capacitor and the size of the charge that each capacitor can store. This is determined by the specific type of...
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Capacitance: Single-Phase And Three-Phase Line01:25

Capacitance: Single-Phase And Three-Phase Line

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In electrical power systems, understanding the capacitance of transmission lines is fundamental for efficient operation.
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Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit01:20

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In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
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The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
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A MEMS Micro-g Capacitive Accelerometer Based on Through-Silicon-Wafer-Etching Process.

Kang Rao1, Xiaoli Wei2, Shaolin Zhang3

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of Physic, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China. raokang@hust.edu.cn.

Micromachines
|June 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel micromachined micro-g capacitive accelerometer. It achieves high performance for applications like inertial navigation and structural health monitoring.

Keywords:
MEMSaccelerometercapacitance displacement transducermicro-gmicrofabricationthrough-silicon-wafer-etching

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Area of Science:

  • MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) technology
  • Capacitive sensing
  • Inertial sensor development

Background:

  • Capacitive accelerometers are crucial for precise motion detection.
  • Existing designs face challenges in noise reduction and sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-performance micromachined micro-g capacitive accelerometer.
  • To enhance sensitivity and reduce noise through advanced fabrication techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a silicon-based spring-mass sensing element.
  • Employed an area-variation capacitive displacement transducer with matching electrodes.
  • Applied through-silicon-wafer etching for increased proof mass and connection beams for reduced cross-sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a scale factor of 510 mV/g.
  • Demonstrated a noise floor of 2 µg/Hz1/2 at 100 Hz.
  • Exhibited a bias instability of 4 µg at 1 s averaging time.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MEMS capacitive accelerometer shows significant promise for various applications.
  • Potential uses include inertial navigation, structural health monitoring, and tilt measurements.