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Researchers created novel cationic exciplexes from organic molecules in water. These emissive exciplexes exhibit high charge transfer character and luminescence, even in polar solvents.

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Photochemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Cationic exciplexes, products of charge shift reactions, are less common than charge formation exciplexes.
  • Previous work demonstrated N-methylisoquinolinium and alkyl benzenes can form cationic exciplexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize intramolecular analogues of cationic exciplexes.
  • To demonstrate the formation of emissive exciplexes in water from purely organic components.
  • To investigate the influence of donor hydrophobicity on exciplex formation.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of five intramolecular analogues.
  • Absorption spectroscopy and fluorometry.
  • Time-correlated single photon counting.

Main Results:

  • Identification of three conformers (anti, gauche, folded) facilitating electron transfer.
  • Hydrophobicity of the donor moiety enhances folded conformer formation and exciplex generation.
  • High charge transfer (CT) character (88-97%) observed.
  • Exciplex fluorescence quantum yields up to 0.03 and lifetimes up to 17 ns in a polar solvent.

Conclusions:

  • Emissive cationic exciplexes can be formed in water using purely organic molecules.
  • Conformational control and donor hydrophobicity are key factors in exciplex formation.
  • These findings advance the understanding of charge shift reactions and exciplex behavior in polar environments.