Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

In Vitro Rearing of Solitary Bees: A Tool for Assessing Larval Risk Factors
08:50

In Vitro Rearing of Solitary Bees: A Tool for Assessing Larval Risk Factors

Published on: July 16, 2018

8.6K

Biometry: a tool for the detection of amblyopia risk factor in children

Tsukasa Satou1,2, Takahiro Niida3,4, Misae Ito5

  • 1Department of Orthoptics and Visual Sciences, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Tochigi, Japan. tsukasa@iuhw.ac.jp.

Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
|June 12, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Optical biometry criteria effectively detect amblyopia refractive risk factors in preschoolers. This study suggests a new vision screening approach for young children using these advanced optical measurements.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Optometry
  • Biometry

Background:

  • Early detection of refractive errors in preschool children is crucial for preventing amblyopia.
  • Amblyopia Refractive Risk Factor (ARF) screening guidelines by the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) aid in identifying children at risk.
  • Optical biometry offers a non-invasive method for assessing ocular parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish optical biometry data criteria for identifying abnormal refraction in preschool children.
  • To assess the accuracy of these criteria in detecting amblyopia refractive risk factors (ARF) based on AAPOS 2013 guidelines.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic performance of novel biometry-derived criteria.

Main Methods:

  • Determination of "high sensitivity failure criterion" and "high specificity failure criterion" using optical biometry data from 200 eyes of normal preschool children.
  • Validation of criteria using data from 142 eyes of 71 preschool children, including cycloplegic refraction and optical biometry.
  • Comparison of outcomes from optical biometry criteria with ophthalmological examination findings.

Main Results:

  • The "high sensitivity failure criterion" demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 80.5% specificity for detecting 2013 AAPOS ARF.
  • The "high specificity failure criterion" achieved 93.3% sensitivity and 95.1% specificity.
  • Both criteria exhibited strong performance in identifying refractive risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Optical biometry data criteria show excellent sensitivity and specificity for detecting ARF in preschool children.
  • These findings support the potential for a novel vision screening strategy utilizing optical biometry.
  • The study highlights a promising advancement in pediatric eye care screening.
Abstract

Keywords:
Axial lengthCorneal powerOptical biometrySensitivitySpecificityVision screening

More Related Videos

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies10:11

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies

Published on: October 22, 2014

19.6K
Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia13:08

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia

Published on: December 2, 2015

9.3K

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
13.3K
Relative Risk01:12

Relative Risk

Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
2.0K
Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
82.3K
Factors Affecting Solubility04:01

Factors Affecting Solubility

Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
36.7K
Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
13.5K
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
265