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Related Concept Videos

Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

43.7K
Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow...
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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

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Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
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Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
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Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Preparation of Monodomain Liquid Crystal Elastomers and Liquid Crystal Elastomer Nanocomposites
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Preparation of Monodomain Liquid Crystal Elastomers and Liquid Crystal Elastomer Nanocomposites

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Enhanced Dynamic Adhesion in Nematic Liquid Crystal Elastomers.

Takuya Ohzono1,2, Mohand O Saed1, Eugene M Terentjev1

  • 1Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed smart soft adhesives using liquid crystal elastomers (LCE) that dynamically respond to temperature changes. These novel adhesives exhibit significantly enhanced adhesion in their nematic phase, paving the way for advanced stimuli-responsive materials.

Keywords:
adhesiondynamic soft elasticityliquid crystal elastomerviscous dissipation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Smart adhesives with reversible detachment are crucial for applications in consumer goods, medicine, and manufacturing.
  • Existing smart adhesives often require specific triggers for detachment, limiting their dynamic responsiveness.
  • Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) exhibit unique thermo-mechanical properties due to their anisotropic molecular ordering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel model system for designing smart soft adhesives based on LCEs.
  • To investigate the temperature-dependent adhesion properties of LCEs on a solid glass surface.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms behind the enhanced adhesion observed in LCEs.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of LCE-based adhesive systems.
  • Measurement of adhesion strength under varying temperatures and detachment rates.
  • Analysis of the relationship between bulk dynamic-mechanical properties and adhesion.
  • Characterization of the static work of adhesion.

Main Results:

  • Adhesion strength of LCEs was more than doubled in the nematic phase compared to the isotropic phase.
  • Adhesion strength further increased with higher detachment rates.
  • Static work of adhesion remained relatively constant across the tested temperature range.
  • Enhanced adhesion in the nematic phase is attributed to increased internal energy dissipation during detachment.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates temperature-controlled adhesion using nematic LCEs.
  • The enhanced dynamic adhesion is directly linked to the bulk mechanical response of LCEs.
  • This work facilitates the development of a new generation of stimuli-responsive adhesives.