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Rosa canina Extract has Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Effects on Human Lung and Prostate Cancer Cells

Kagan Kilinc1, Selim Demir2, Ibrahim Turan1

  • 1Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Gumushane University, Gumushane, Turkiye.

Nutrition and Cancer
|June 12, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Rosa canina extract shows promising antioxidant and cytotoxic effects against lung and prostate cancer cells. It selectively targets cancer cells, inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, suggesting potential phytomedical applications for cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Products Chemistry
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the cytotoxic effects of Rosa canina.
  • Rosa species are known for various biological activities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the antioxidant properties, phenolic profile, and cytotoxic effects of Rosa canina extract on human lung (A549) and prostate (PC-3) cancer cells.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of its cytotoxic action.

Main Methods:

  • Spectrophotometric and RP-HPLC methods for antioxidant and phenolic characterization.
  • MTT assay for cytotoxic activity assessment.
  • Fluorometric and luminometric assays for apoptosis, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and caspase activity analysis.

Main Results:

  • Rosa canina extract demonstrated significant antioxidant properties with a total phenolic content (TPC) of 58.97 mg gallic acid equivalents/g.
  • Ascorbic acid and p-coumaric acid were identified as major phenolic compounds.
  • The extract exhibited selective cytotoxicity against A549 and PC-3 cancer cells compared to normal fibroblasts.
  • Mechanistic studies revealed G1 phase cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, reduced MMP, and increased caspase activity in cancer cells.

Conclusions:

  • Rosa canina extract possesses potent antioxidant and selective cytotoxic activities against lung and prostate cancer cells.
  • The extract's mechanism involves inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
  • Rosa canina holds potential for phytomedical applications in cancer therapy.

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