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[Atrial and left atrial appendage thrombosis in patients with atrial fibrillation: from pathophysiology to treatment]

Paolo Calabrò1, Felice Gragnano1, Arturo Cesaro1

  • 1Divisione di Cardiologia Clinica Universitaria, AORN Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano, Caserta, e Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli.

Giornale Italiano Di Cardiologia (2006)
|June 12, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Atrial fibrillation (AF) increases stroke risk by causing blood clots. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are effective for prevention, but their role in dissolving existing clots requires further research.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Thrombosis Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a growing cardiac arrhythmia linked to aging populations.
  • AF increases the risk of thromboembolic events due to thrombus formation in the atria.
  • Current treatments focus on anticoagulation to prevent clots, with NOACs offering safety advantages over warfarin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review literature on atrial and left atrial appendage thrombosis.
  • To describe pathophysiological mechanisms of thrombus formation in AF.
  • To evaluate current treatment strategies for AF-related thrombosis, focusing on NOACs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on atrial fibrillation and thrombosis.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological factors contributing to thrombus formation.
  • Assessment of current and emerging therapeutic strategies, particularly NOACs.

Main Results:

  • AF is a major risk factor for thromboembolic events.
  • NOACs represent a safer alternative to warfarin for preventing atrial appendage thrombosis.
  • The efficacy of NOACs in resolving existing thrombi is not well-established and requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • AF-related thrombosis poses significant morbidity and mortality risks.
  • NOACs are a key advancement in preventing atrial appendage thrombosis.
  • Further research is needed to define the role of NOACs in thrombus resolution.

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