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Related Concept Videos

Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

578
The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Fermi Level01:18

Fermi Level

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The Fermi-Dirac function is represented by an S-shaped curve indicating the probability of an energy state being occupied by an electron at a given temperature. The Fermi level is the energy level at which there is a fifty percent chance of finding an electron, and it is positioned between the lower-energy valence band and the higher-energy conduction band.
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Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

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Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
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Magnetic Moment of an Electron01:23

Magnetic Moment of an Electron

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Electrons revolving around a nucleus are analogous to a circular current carrying loop. This current produces a magnetic dipole moment proportional to the electron's orbital angular momentum. Since the orbital angular momentum is quantized in terms of the reduced Planck's constant, the dipole moment is quantized in the Bohr Magneton. The value of the Bohr magneton is 9.27 x 10-24 Am2. Electrons also have an intrinsic spin angular momentum, and the associated spin magnetic moment is...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Related Experiment Videos

Interacting Majorana fermions.

Armin Rahmani1, Marcel Franz2

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy & Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Center (AMSEC), Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225, United States of America.

Reports on Progress in Physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)
|June 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explore emergent phases of matter from interacting Majorana fermions. These systems may enable topological quantum computing and reveal novel phenomena like spacetime supersymmetry.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Computing
  • High Energy Physics

Background:

  • Majorana fermions are mathematical real counterparts to complex fermions.
  • Topological quantum computing has driven experimental progress in realizing Majorana fermions.
  • The interaction of Majorana fermions is key to understanding emergent quantum phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent progress in understanding emergent phases of matter from interacting Majorana fermions.
  • To explore the potential of these systems for topological quantum computing.
  • To highlight novel phenomena arising from Majorana fermion interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of proposed experimental setups for Majorana fermion realization.
  • Analysis of low-dimensional lattice models using analytical and numerical techniques.
  • Investigation of the exactly solvable Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model.

Main Results:

  • Strongly correlated phases with Majorana building blocks exhibit novel phenomena.
  • Emergent spacetime supersymmetry, topological order, and black hole physics are observed.
  • Potential for universal topological quantum computing via Fibonacci phase and surface codes.

Conclusions:

  • Interacting Majorana fermions offer a rich platform for exploring exotic quantum matter.
  • These systems hold promise for advancing topological quantum computing.
  • Future research could unlock new condensed matter realizations of fundamental physics concepts.