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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Efficiently Recording the Eye-Hand Coordination to Incoordination Spectrum
Published on: March 21, 2019
Combining Action Observation and Motor Imagery Improves Eye-Hand Coordination during Novel Visuomotor Task
Ben Marshall1, David J Wright1, Paul S Holmes1
1Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
Abstract:
In this study, we compared the effectiveness of concurrent action observation and motor imagery (AO + MI), observing with the intent to imitate (active observation; AO), and passive observation (PO) training interventions for improving eye-hand coordination. Fifty participants were assigned to five groups [AO + MI, AO, PO, physical practice (PP); control] and performed a visuomotor rotation task, whilst eye movements were recorded. Each participant then performed 20 task trials in a training intervention before repeating the visuomotor rotation task in a post-test. As expected, PP produced the greatest improvement in task performance and eye-hand coordination. However, in comparison to the control group, AO + MI training produced a statistically significant increase in both task performance and eye-hand coordination, but no such improvements were found following AO or PO.
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