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Testicular epidermoid cysts: a reevaluation.
Petra Anheuser1,2, J Kranz3, E Stolle4
1Klinik für Urologie, Albertinen-Krankenhaus, Hamburg, Germany. petra.anheuser@web.de.
BMC Urology
|June 13, 2019
Summary
Testicular epidermoid cysts (TECs) are rare benign tumors. Imaging can diagnose simple TECs, which are benign, while complex TECs associated with germ cell tumors require different management.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Testicular epidermoid cysts (TECs) are uncommon benign testicular neoplasms.
- Their association with germ cell tumors (GCTs) is rare, leading to unresolved clinical management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review clinical and histological features of TECs.
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility of imaging modalities for TECs.
- To differentiate between benign and malignant TEC subtypes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of patients treated for testicular neoplasms (2000-2017).
- Detailed review of clinical, histological, and imaging (US, CEUS, MRI) data for TEC cases.
- Correlation of histological findings with GCT presence.
Main Results:
- Nine simple TECs identified (1.5% of testicular tumors); median age 26 years.
- Imaging showed round, avascular lesions; 8/9 underwent successful testis-sparing surgery.
- Two cases (0.3%) had TECs associated with GCT, requiring orchiectomy.
Conclusions:
- TECs are typically benign, diagnosable via imaging (US, CEUS, MRI) due to characteristic features.
- Simple TECs (prepubertal type) are benign, distinct from GCTs.
- Complex TECs associated with GCTs (postpubertal type) require different clinical approaches.
