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Related Experiment Videos

Phasic approach to oral contraceptives.

R W Hale1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Kapiolani-Children's Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|October 1, 1987
PubMed
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Newer triphasic oral contraceptives significantly reduce side effects compared to older formulations. These pills adjust hormone doses monthly, offering a safer contraception option.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Early oral contraceptives (OCs) contained high estrogen and progestogen doses with uniform schedules.
  • High hormone levels in early OCs were linked to significant side effects and complications.
  • Hormone levels in OCs have been progressively reduced to minimize adverse events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of phasic oral contraceptive approaches.
  • To investigate the impact of triphasic formulations on oral contraceptive side effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical studies on triphasic oral contraceptives, including ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel.
  • Comparison of side effect profiles between triphasic and traditional oral contraceptive formulations.
Keywords:
BiologyCardiovascular EffectsContraception--side effectsContraceptive Agents, Estrogen--side effectsContraceptive Agents, Female--side effectsContraceptive Agents, Progestin--side effectsContraceptive Agents--side effectsContraceptive Methods--side effectsEndocrine SystemEthinyl Estradiol--side effectsFamily PlanningHormones--side effectsLevonorgestrel--side effectsMetabolic EffectsOral Contraceptives, Combined--side effectsOral Contraceptives, Phasic--side effectsOral Contraceptives--side effectsPhysiologyReproductive Control Agents--side effects

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Main Results:

  • Triphasic oral contraceptives involve altering estrogen or progestogen doses during the cycle.
  • Three formulations exist: two alter progestogen with stable estrogen, one alters both.
  • Clinical studies demonstrate a significant reduction in side effects and complications with triphasics.

Conclusions:

  • Triphasic oral contraceptives represent an advancement in contraception safety.
  • Altering hormone dosage during the cycle effectively minimizes undesired side effects.
  • Newer triphasic formulations offer a safer alternative for women using oral contraception.