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Related Concept Videos

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

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Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
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Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
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Joints01:26

Joints

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Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...
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Introduction to Joints00:58

Introduction to Joints

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The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Real-time Monitoring of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound HIFU Ablation of In Vitro Canine Livers Using Harmonic Motion Imaging for Focused Ultrasound HMIFU
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Real-time Monitoring of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound HIFU Ablation of In Vitro Canine Livers Using Harmonic Motion Imaging for Focused Ultrasound HMIFU

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Sacroiliac Joint Ablation Using MR-HIFU.

Arash Najafi1, Elisabeth Sartoretti2, Christoph A Binkert3

  • 1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Canton Hospital Winterthur, 8401, Winterthur, Switzerland. najafi.arash@gmail.com.

Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
|June 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) offers a novel treatment for chronic sacroiliac joint pain. This minimally invasive outpatient procedure successfully ablated nerves, providing complete pain relief for a therapy-refractory patient.

Keywords:
Chronic back painHIFUNerve ablationSIJ

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Area of Science:

  • Pain Management
  • Neurosurgery
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Chronic lumbar back pain affects 15-30% of patients, with the sacroiliac joint implicated in many cases.
  • Posterior sacroiliac joint denervation is a recognized treatment, often preceding arthrodesis.
  • Therapy-refractory pain necessitates exploration of advanced treatment modalities.

Observation:

  • A patient with chronic, therapy-refractory sacroiliac joint pain was treated using the Sonalleve MR-HIFU system.
  • The procedure involved ablation of the L5 ramus dorsalis and S1-S3 lateral branches under spinal anesthesia and sedation.
  • Magnetic resonance (MR)-thermometry guided the sonication, ensuring precise temperature control.

Findings:

  • The MR-HIFU procedure was successfully performed in an outpatient setting with no post-interventional complications.
  • Clinical improvement was observed within 4 days, with complete pain resolution achieved after 1 month.
  • MR-guided focused ultrasound demonstrated efficacy in treating sacroiliac joint pain.

Implications:

  • MR-HIFU presents a promising, non-invasive therapeutic option for chronic sacroiliac joint pain.
  • This technique may offer an alternative to more invasive procedures for selected patients.
  • Further research into MR-HIFU for chronic pain conditions is warranted.