Primary central nervous system lymphoma: A curable disease

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Neurology
• Hematology

Background:

• Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtype.
• PCNSL is confined to the brain, leptomeninges, or eye, often with a poor prognosis.
• It presents challenges compared to other extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize treatment strategies and genetic alterations in PCNSL.
• To highlight improved survival with specific chemotherapy regimens.
• To identify therapeutic targets for PCNSL.

Main Methods:

• Review of current treatment protocols for PCNSL.
• Analysis of genetic alterations, including B-cell receptor signaling and NF-κB.
• Evaluation of outcomes associated with different therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

• Methotrexate-based induction chemotherapy followed by consolidation or stem cell transplantation improves survival.
• These regimens are associated with reduced neurotoxicity.
• Aberrant B-cell receptor signaling and NF-κB activation are frequent genetic alterations.

Conclusions:

• Methotrexate-based chemotherapy offers improved outcomes for PCNSL.
• Targeted therapies focusing on aberrant signaling pathways present future treatment opportunities.
• PCNSL management can be optimized through tailored chemotherapy and targeted interventions.