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Assessment of Physical Activity Intensity with Accelerometers and Oxygen Consumption
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Do accelerometer-based physical activity patterns differentially affect cardiorespiratory fitness? A growth mixture

Sophie Baumann1,2,3, Diana Guertler4,5, Franziska Weymar4,5,6

  • 1Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany. sophie.baumann@mailbox.tu-dresden.de.

Journal of Behavioral Medicine
|June 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Understanding physical activity patterns is key for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on fewer, longer days may boost CRF more than daily, shorter bursts.

Keywords:
AdultsAerobic capacityLatent classMotion sensorOxygen uptakeUnobserved heterogeneity

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Public Health
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is crucial for health.
  • Associations between physical activity and CRF may depend on how activity is accumulated.
  • Previous studies often overlook weekly patterns of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct patterns of weekly MVPA accumulation.
  • To examine the association between these MVPA patterns and CRF in adults aged 40-75.
  • To determine if the timing and duration of MVPA influence CRF benefits.

Main Methods:

  • Adults (n=224, aged 40-75) wore accelerometers for 7 days to measure MVPA.
  • CRF was assessed via peak oxygen uptake (V'O2,peak) using standardized cardiopulmonary exercise testing.
  • Growth mixture modeling was employed to identify MVPA patterns.

Main Results:

  • Four distinct MVPA patterns were identified: 'low/stable', 'medium/stable', 'medium/weekend high', and 'high/weekend low'.
  • Individuals in 'high/weekend low' and 'medium/weekend high' MVPA patterns exhibited significantly higher V'O2,peak compared to 'low/stable' and 'medium/stable' groups (p < 0.001).
  • Higher CRF benefits may be achieved by accumulating MVPA in fewer, longer sessions rather than frequent, shorter sessions.

Conclusions:

  • Weekly MVPA patterns significantly influence CRF.
  • The distribution of MVPA throughout the week, not just the total volume, is important for cardiorespiratory health.
  • Public health recommendations for physical activity should consider the pattern of accumulation for optimal CRF benefits.