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Related Concept Videos

Psychodynamic Perspectives on Personality01:27

Psychodynamic Perspectives on Personality

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The psychodynamic perspective in psychology asserts that most personality functions operate unconsciously, outside of awareness. This means that the motives and emotions driving behavior often remain hidden, automatically buried in the unconscious mind as a defense mechanism to shield us from psychological distress. According to this theory, the unconscious mind contains thoughts, memories, and emotions that are too disturbing to face directly.
Psychodynamic theorists argue that unconscious...
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The Behavioral Perspective on Personality01:19

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Behaviorists view personality as primarily shaped by environmental reinforcements and consequences. According to this perspective, behavior is influenced by external stimuli, and individuals adjust their actions based on rewards and punishments. Over time, learning histories — accumulated patterns of reinforcement — play a significant role in shaping personality. Behaviors that lead to positive outcomes are reinforced, while those resulting in negative outcomes are diminished.
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In a study where individuals posing as strangers offered compliments and proposed casual sex to students, the responses differed significantly based on gender. Not a single woman accepted the proposal, while 70% of the men agreed. This outcome provides a useful scenario to explore through the lens of evolutionary psychology and social learning theory, highlighting the diverse perspectives on human sexual behaviors.
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Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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Electrical current is defined as the rate at which charge flows. When there is a large current present, such as that used to run a refrigerator, a large amount of charge moves through the wire in a small amount of time. If the current is small, such as that used to operate a handheld calculator, a small amount of charge moves through the circuit over a long period of time. The SI unit for current is the ampere (A), named for the French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).
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BioMEMS and Cellular Biology: Perspectives and Applications
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Big data in pharmacogenomics: current applications, perspectives and pitfalls.

Claire-Cécile Barrot1, Jean-Baptiste Woillard1, Nicolas Picard1

  • 1INSERM, IPPRITT, U1248, F-87000, Limoges, France; Univ. Limoges, IPPRITT, F-87000 Limoges, France.

Pharmacogenomics
|June 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Pharmacogenomics, driven by efficient sequencing, offers personalized medicine and drug discovery insights. This review details the essential bioinformatics steps for processing large genomic datasets in pharmacogenomics research.

Keywords:
big databioinformaticspharmacogenomics

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Pharmacogenomics

Background:

  • Advancements in sequencing technology have propelled pharmacogenomics, shifting focus from pharmacogenetics.
  • Pharmacogenomics enables personalized medicine, drug design, and identification of drug response factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the standard bioinformatics steps in pharmacogenomics studies.
  • To highlight potential pitfalls in data collection, processing, analysis, and interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on bioinformatics in pharmacogenomics.
  • Description of data handling from collection to interpretation.

Main Results:

  • Genomic data presents big data challenges requiring specialized bioinformatics.
  • Understanding bioinformatics workflows is crucial for successful pharmacogenomics.

Conclusions:

  • Effective bioinformatics processing is key to overcoming challenges in pharmacogenomics.
  • This review provides a pharmacogenomic perspective on essential bioinformatics aspects.