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Operationalizing One Health Employing Social-Ecological Systems Theory: Lessons From the Greater Mekong Sub-region
Bruce A Wilcox1, A Alonso Aguirre2, Nicole De Paula3
1ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Nakon Pathom, Thailand.
Frontiers in Public Health
|June 14, 2019
Summary
One Health operational criteria, grounded in Social-Ecological Systems Resilience (SESR), are proposed to enhance the practice and evaluation of interventions addressing zoonotic diseases and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This framework aids in managing complex human-animal-environmental health interdependencies.
Area of Science:
- * One Health, transdisciplinary science, ecological systems, complex systems theory.
- * Social-Ecological Systems Resilience (SESR) framework.
- * Public health, veterinary medicine, ecology, and environmental science integration.
Background:
- * The concept of interdependency among human, animal, and ecosystem health has historical roots in medicine, public health, and ecology.
- * One Health practice emphasizes the human, animal, and environmental interface, requiring transdisciplinary and complex systems approaches.
- * Operational criteria and evaluation metrics are crucial for demonstrating One Health efficacy and driving improvement.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To describe operational criteria for One Health practice based on Social-Ecological Systems Resilience (SESR).
- * To present a protocol for vector-borne disease interventions using the SESR framework.
- * To highlight the applicability of SESR to emerging zoonotic diseases and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Main Methods:
- * Development of operational criteria for One Health using SESR.
- * Testing of a protocol for vector-borne disease interventions.
- * Case study analysis of Avian Influenza (H5N1) and Liver Fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini) in the Greater Mekong Subregion.
Main Results:
- * SESR provides a robust framework for understanding and developing performance standards for One Health approaches.
- * Operational criteria and a vector-borne disease intervention protocol have been developed.
- * Case studies illustrate the utility of SESR in addressing complex zoonotic disease challenges linked to sustainable development.
Conclusions:
- * Adoption of One Health is facilitated by practitioner familiarity with ecological and complex systems concepts.
- * SESR framing is highly applicable to achieving the SDGs by addressing human-animal-environmental health linkages.
- * Further development of One Health operational criteria and metrics can significantly contribute to SDG achievement.
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