Comparative evaluation of liver, spleen, and kidney stiffness in HIV-monoinfected pediatric patients via shear wave

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Emine Çalışkan1, Gürkan Atay2, Manolya Kara3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Radiology, Seyhan State Hospital, Adana, Turkey

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
|June 14, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Stiffness of the liver, spleen, and kidneys is increased in children with HIV. Shear wave elastography (SWE) can detect early organ changes in these patients, even with normal lab tests and ultrasounds.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Hepatology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection can affect multiple organs.
  • Assessing organ stiffness may reveal subclinical changes in pediatric HIV.
  • Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a non-invasive imaging technique.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate liver, spleen, and kidney stiffness in HIV-monoinfected children using SWE.
  • To compare organ stiffness between HIV-infected children and healthy controls.
  • To determine if SWE can detect early parenchymal changes.

Main Methods:

  • Ultrasound and SWE examinations of the liver, spleen, and kidneys.
  • Inclusion of 21 HIV-monoinfected children and 37 healthy controls.
  • Comparison of stiffness values between groups and correlation with laboratory and ultrasonographic findings.

Main Results:

  • HIV-monoinfected children showed significantly higher liver, spleen, and kidney stiffness compared to controls.
  • Increased stiffness was observed even in children with normal laboratory parameters and ultrasonographic findings.
  • Minor ultrasonographic abnormalities like hepatosplenomegaly and hepatosteatosis were noted in a small subset of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Organ stiffness is elevated in HIV-monoinfected children.
  • SWE is a valuable tool for detecting early parenchymal changes in pediatric HIV.
  • SWE can identify subclinical organ alterations undetectable by standard lab tests and ultrasound.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenHIVshear wave elastographystiffness

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