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Related Concept Videos

The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

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The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
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Anatomy of the Ear01:16

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
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Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

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The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
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Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

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Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
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Auditory semantic priming and the dichotic right ear advantage.

Daniel Voyer1, Natalie Hearn1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick, Canada.

Brain and Cognition
|June 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Auditory semantic priming affects the right ear advantage in dichotic listening. Priming related to the right ear enhanced this advantage, but priming related to the left ear reduced it, particularly in Experiment 2.

Keywords:
Auditory perceptionDichotic listeningPerceptual asymmetriesSemantic priming

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Perception

Background:

  • The right ear advantage (REA) in dichotic listening suggests left hemisphere dominance for language processing.
  • Auditory semantic priming, where exposure to a related word speeds up processing of a target word, can influence cognitive tasks.
  • Investigating how semantic priming interacts with ear-specific processing is crucial for understanding cerebral lateralization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of auditory semantic priming on the dichotic right ear advantage.
  • To determine if the ear to which the prime is presented modulates the REA.
  • To test predictions regarding an interaction between ear of prime presentation and prime-target relatedness.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments using dichotic listening tasks were conducted.
  • Experiment 1 modified a fused dichotic words task with auditory primes presented to either ear.
  • Experiment 2 employed a novel dichotic listening task based on a binaural auditory priming paradigm.

Main Results:

  • Both experiments demonstrated evidence of semantic priming, indicated by faster responses to related primes.
  • Only Experiment 2 showed a significant interaction between the ear of prime presentation and prime-target relatedness, supporting the hypothesis.
  • The right ear advantage was modulated by the ear of prime presentation, as predicted.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory semantic priming can influence cerebral lateralization in dichotic listening tasks.
  • The findings support models of hemispheric specialization in semantic processing and perceptual asymmetries.
  • The results highlight the importance of considering prime location in auditory priming studies.