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This study introduces a new method to precisely determine solar orientation using non-planar sensor arrays. The approach optimizes sensor placement for improved accuracy in spacecraft orientation determination.

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Area of Science:

  • Spacecraft engineering
  • Sensor technology
  • Astrodynamics

Background:

  • Non-planar sensor arrays determine solar orientation using orientation matrices.
  • Current methods lack an assessment-based approach for improving orientation accuracy.
  • Existing solar sensors can be integrated without increasing spacecraft size or mass.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel formulation for assessing the supremum of orientation error in arbitrary orientation matrices.
  • To provide a method for evaluating orientation error considering different energy interference scenarios.
  • To establish principles for designing optimal non-planar sensor arrays for enhanced orientation accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a mathematical formulation for the supremum of orientation error based on influencing factors.
  • Evaluated orientation error considering finite and infinite energy interference.
  • Defined principles for optimal sensor array design based on orientation matrix configuration.

Main Results:

  • The new formulation allows for the assessment of orientation error bounds.
  • Identified that a sub-matrix with the least supremum of orientation error achieves optimal accuracy.
  • Demonstrated that the sensor array optimization method outperforms existing approaches through simulations and field experiments.

Conclusions:

  • The developed formulation provides a robust way to assess and optimize sensor array performance for solar orientation determination.
  • The proposed sensor array optimization method offers superior accuracy compared to existing techniques.
  • This work enables improved spacecraft orientation determination through systematic sensor array design and assessment.