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Impact of Rhinovirus Infections in Children

Silvia Vandini1, Carlotta Biagi2, Maximilian Fischer3

  • 1Pediatric Unit, Imola Hospital, 40026 Imola, Italy. s.vandini@ausl.imola.bo.it.

Viruses
|June 15, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Rhinovirus (RV) causes over 50% of human upper respiratory infections and is linked to infant bronchiolitis and childhood wheezing. This review examines RV

Area of Science:

  • Virology and Pediatric Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Rhinovirus (RV) is a major global cause of upper respiratory tract infections, responsible for over 50% of cases.
  • RV is a leading cause of viral bronchiolitis in infants and a common trigger for wheezing in young children.
  • The virus's extensive genetic diversity (>150 serotypes) contributes to recurrent annual infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology of Rhinovirus infections in the pediatric population.
  • To explore current pathogenetic hypotheses regarding RV's role in respiratory illness.
  • To summarize treatment options and the correlation of RV with pediatric respiratory morbidity and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing existing studies on Rhinovirus.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on RV prevalence and impact.
  • Examination of pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Rhinovirus infection's pathogenesis involves indirect mechanisms, triggering mediator release from airway cells.
  • RV can precipitate or exacerbate asthma exacerbations in susceptible children.
  • The review consolidates information on RV's impact on pediatric respiratory health.

Conclusions:

  • Rhinovirus plays a significant role in pediatric respiratory morbidity, including asthma exacerbations.
  • Understanding RV's epidemiology and pathogenesis is crucial for effective management and treatment strategies.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate RV's contribution to respiratory mortality in children.

Keywords:
Rhinovirusasthmabronchiolitisimmune responsewheezing

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