Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 14, 2026

09:42
Generation of Murine Monoclonal Antibodies by Hybridoma Technology
Published on: January 2, 2017
A human hybrid hybridoma
R F Tiebout1, F van Boxtel-Oosterhof, E A Stricker
1Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam.
Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|November 15, 1987
Summary
Researchers successfully created human hybrid hybridomas, enabling the production of bispecific antibodies. This breakthrough combines cell transformation and xenohybridization techniques for novel antibody development.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Hybrid hybridomas are cell lines created by fusing two antibody-producing cells.
- Previous research focused on murine hybrid hybridomas for bispecific antibody production.
- The feasibility of constructing human hybrid hybridomas remained unexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the feasibility of creating human hybrid hybridomas.
- To produce bispecific monoclonal antibodies using human cell lines.
Main Methods:
- Fusion of an Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human cell line producing anti-tetanus toxoid IgG1 kappa antibodies with a human-mouse xenohybrid cell line producing anti-hepatitis B surface antigen IgG1 lambda antibodies.
- Selection of hybrid hybridoma cells using a culture medium containing azaserine/hypoxanthine and ouabain.
- Analysis of hybrid antibody nature using antigen-specific immunoassays.
Main Results:
- Successful construction of human hybrid hybridomas.
- Demonstration that these hybrid hybridomas produce bispecific antibodies.
- Validation of combined transformation and xenohybridization techniques.
Conclusions:
- Human hybrid hybridomas can be constructed using combined transformation and xenohybridization.
- This method enables the production of human bispecific antibodies.
- Potential for developing novel therapeutic antibodies.
Related Concept Videos
Humoral Immune Responses
Overview
Understanding Species and Reproductive Barriers
A species is a group of organisms that interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Typically, individuals of the same species appear similar and share common characteristics due to their highly similar genomes. However, not all organisms that look alike are members of the same species. Various mechanisms keep most species discrete. While some mechanisms prevent reproductive behavior and fertilization (pre-zygotic isolation), others prevent the production of fertile offspring after mating has...
Hybrid Zones
Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.Gene flow and natural selection are evolutionary mechanisms that shape the outcome of a hybrid zone. Gene flow...
In-situ Hybridization
In situ hybridization (ISH) is a technique used to detect and localize specific DNA or RNA molecules in cells, tissue, or tissue sections using a labeled probe. The technique was first used in 1969 for the investigation of nucleic acids. It is currently an essential tool in scientific research and clinical settings, especially for diagnostic purposes.
Types of probes and labels
A probe is a complementary strand of DNA or RNA that binds to corresponding nucleotide sequences in a cell. Many...
Types of probes and labels
A probe is a complementary strand of DNA or RNA that binds to corresponding nucleotide sequences in a cell. Many...
Hybridoma Technology
Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.

