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Beyond small-scale spatial skills: Navigation skills and geoscience education.

Alina Nazareth1, Nora S Newcombe2, Thomas F Shipley2

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Geologists show superior large-scale spatial navigation skills. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) students also exhibit strong spatial abilities and improve with training, highlighting the importance of spatial thinking in geography and geoscience (GEO) fields.

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Area of Science:

  • Spatial cognition
  • Geography and Geoscience (GEO)

Background:

  • Traditional research on spatial skills and STEM fields overlooks large-scale spatial thinking crucial for disciplines like geography and geoscience.
  • Large-scale spatial thinking is central to professional training in geography and geoscience (GEO).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare large-scale navigation skills between experienced geologists and psychologists.
  • To investigate baseline navigational competence and skill improvement in novice Geographic Information Systems (GIS) students over an academic semester.

Main Methods:

  • Study 1: Utilized a novel virtual navigation paradigm to objectively measure large-scale navigation skills in experienced geologists and psychologists.
  • Study 2: Conducted a longitudinal study with novice GIS students and a control group (non-STEM students) over one academic semester.

Main Results:

  • Geologists demonstrated superior navigational competence and route integration compared to psychologists.
  • Novice GIS students exhibited better baseline navigational competence, spatial working memory, and mental rotation skills than non-STEM students, suggesting self-selection.
  • GIS students showed significant improvement in spatial skills over the semester compared to non-STEM students.

Conclusions:

  • Large-scale spatial thinking is vital for success in geography and geoscience (GEO) and other fields involving spatial distributions.
  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools may play a role in developing essential spatial skills from an early age.