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Current ultrasound in rheumatology (RhUS) practice in the US needs updated rheumatology-defined standards. This study revises 2011 consensus guidelines to reflect current utilization and terminology for musculoskeletal evaluations.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Radiology
  • Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

Background:

  • European standards have guided rheumatology ultrasound (RhUS) execution.
  • Previous 2011 consensus focused on documentation, scanning conventions, and mastery for RhUS in the US.
  • Current utilization of musculoskeletal RhUS in the US requires updated consensus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update the 2011 rheumatology-driven consensus on musculoskeletal ultrasound (RhUS) in the United States.
  • To reflect current utilization and practice standards for RhUS in American rheumatology.
  • To address the need for rheumatology-defined terminology for RhUS scans.

Main Methods:

  • A 3-round Delphi method study.
  • A 96-item questionnaire distributed via Qualtrics to 101 experienced RhUS educators and scholars.
  • Analysis of agreement (≥85% for high agreement) and content analysis of comments.

Main Results:

  • 46 respondents completed all 3 rounds.
  • 80% of documentation and 100% of scanning convention statements reached high agreement.
  • Comments highlighted the need for rheumatology-defined, disease-specific scan definitions separate from radiology definitions.

Conclusions:

  • Many 2011 scanning conventions remain relevant for current RhUS practice.
  • There is a clear need to establish rheumatology-defined descriptions for procedural terminology codes for complete and limited RhUS scans.
  • Updated consensus is necessary to accurately reflect the current state of RhUS in the US.