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Associations between ambient particle radioactivity and lung function.

Marguerite M Nyhan1, Mary Rice2, Annelise Blomberg3

  • 1Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering & MaREI, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Ireland.

Environment International
|June 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Environmental radiation from air pollution particles, termed particle radioactivity (PR), is linked to reduced lung function. This study found higher PR exposure correlated with lower forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1).

Keywords:
EpidemiologyLung functionParticle radioactivityParticle toxicityParticulate matter

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiation Science

Background:

  • Previous research links ionizing radiation to respiratory diseases and mortality.
  • Ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with decreased lung function, but toxic properties remain unclear.
  • The respiratory effects of low-level environmental radiation from air pollution particles are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between particle radioactivity (PR) in ambient PM and lung function.
  • To determine if PR contributes to respiratory toxicity independently of PM mass or black carbon.

Main Methods:

  • A repeated-measures analysis was conducted on 839 men.
  • Mixed-effects regression models were used to assess associations between PR exposure and lung function (FVC, FEV1).
  • Analyses were adjusted for PM2.5 and black carbon to examine the independent effects of PR.

Main Results:

  • Higher PR exposure was significantly associated with lower FVC and FEV1.
  • A 28-day increase in PR exposure correlated with a 2.4% decrease in FVC and a 2.4% decrease in FEV1.
  • These associations were partially attenuated after adjusting for PM2.5 and black carbon, indicating independent and similar effects.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first study to demonstrate a link between particle radioactivity (PR) and reduced lung function.
  • PR exposure may be an important factor in the respiratory health effects of ambient particles.
  • Findings have implications for environmental health policies and future research on air pollution and radiation exposure.