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Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
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Effects of aging on spatial hearing.

Mansoureh Adel Ghahraman1, Majid Ashrafi1, Ghassem Mohammadkhani2

  • 1Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
|June 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Aging significantly impairs spatial hearing and speech perception in noise for older adults. Even with normal hearing, elderly individuals show weaker performance in auditory processing tasks compared to younger counterparts.

Keywords:
AgingSpatial hearingSpeech perception in noise

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Speech and Hearing Sciences

Background:

  • Aging commonly leads to deficits in auditory processing, notably affecting speech perception in noisy environments.
  • Spatial hearing, crucial for understanding sound sources, is also impacted by the aging process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of aging on spatial auditory processing.
  • To compare spatial hearing abilities between elderly and young adults using specific tests and questionnaires.

Main Methods:

  • The study involved 34 elderly (60-75 years) and 34 young (18-25 years) adults with normal peripheral hearing.
  • Spatial auditory processing was assessed using the Quick Speech in Noise (QSIN) test, the Binaural Masking Level Difference (BMLD) test, and the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing (SSQ) questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed in mean scores for QSIN, BMLD, and SSQ between the elderly and young groups.
  • Older adults scored lower on all measures, indicating poorer spatial auditory processing.
  • Participant sex did not significantly influence the results (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Aging-related structural and neurochemical changes in the central nervous system negatively impact various aspects of spatial auditory processing.
  • Reduced performance in older adults, even with normal hearing, highlights diminished abilities in sound localization and speech perception in noise.
  • The findings confirm the detrimental effects of aging on spatial hearing and speech comprehension in challenging auditory conditions.