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Laboratory-acquired Chagas disease.

J M Hofflin1, R H Sadler, F G Araujo

  • 1Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, California 94301.

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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A laboratory technician contracted Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi infection) after accidental needle stick. Early symptoms included fever and rash, with diagnosis confirmed by antibody detection and parasite isolation.

Area of Science:

  • * Infectious Diseases
  • * Parasitology
  • * Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • * Accidental inoculation with Trypanosoma cruzi can lead to Chagas disease.
  • * Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for patient outcomes.

Observation:

  • * A laboratory technician presented with fever, malaise, headache, and localized swelling after a needle-stick injury.
  • * Clinical manifestations included a characteristic rash, fever, relative bradycardia, and leukopenia (T lymphopenia).

Findings:

  • * Trypanosomes were not detected in initial blood or tissue samples.
  • * Antibody detection and parasite isolation confirmed Trypanosoma cruzi infection 33 days post-exposure.
  • * Nifurtimox therapy was initiated and well-tolerated.

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Implications:

  • * This case highlights the importance of recognizing Chagas disease symptoms following potential exposure.
  • * Early serological and parasitological confirmation is vital for timely intervention.
  • * Successful treatment with nifurtimox led to seronegativity, indicating parasite clearance.