Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

1.0K
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
1.0K
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

199
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
199
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

15
Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
15
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

24
Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
24
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

15
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
15
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

22
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
22

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Longitudinal evaluation of diffusion tensor imaging and cognition in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Lupus·2018
Same author

Acute Cervical Radiculopathy in Weight Lifters.

The Physician and sportsmedicine·2016
Same author

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Working Memory and Executive Dysfunction in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Antiphospholipid Antibody-Positive Patients.

Arthritis care & research·2016
Same author

Assisted reproductive technology in SLE and APS.

Lupus·2014
Same author

Site differences in mild cognitive dysfunction (MCD) among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Lupus·2012
Same author

Antiphospholipid: to test, or not to test, that is the question.

International journal of clinical practice·2012

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Induction of Leptomeningeal Cells Modification Via Intracisternal Injection
05:55

Induction of Leptomeningeal Cells Modification Via Intracisternal Injection

Published on: May 7, 2020

8.0K

Rheumatoid meningitis: a localized immune process.

J A Markenson, J S McDougal, P Tsairis

    Annals of Internal Medicine
    |May 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Rheumatoid pachymeningitis, a rare rheumatoid arthritis complication, can affect specific spinal cord areas. Treatment with surgery and steroids improved patient outcomes, suggesting localized immune responses.

    More Related Videos

    Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells
    09:35

    Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells

    Published on: May 19, 2020

    10.2K
    An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
    07:37

    An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

    Published on: June 6, 2025

    1.5K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 5, 2026

    Induction of Leptomeningeal Cells Modification Via Intracisternal Injection
    05:55

    Induction of Leptomeningeal Cells Modification Via Intracisternal Injection

    Published on: May 7, 2020

    8.0K
    Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells
    09:35

    Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells

    Published on: May 19, 2020

    10.2K
    An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
    07:37

    An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

    Published on: June 6, 2025

    1.5K

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Rheumatology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Rheumatoid pachymeningitis is an uncommon complication of rheumatoid arthritis.
    • It involves inflammation of the dura and pia-arachnoid membranes surrounding the central nervous system.

    Observation:

    • A patient presented with localized rheumatoid pachymeningitis affecting the lumbar spinal cord.
    • Neurologic deficits were observed.
    • Radiologic findings and cerebrospinal fluid analysis suggested localized disease.

    Findings:

    • Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed differences between lumbar and cisternal samples, indicating localized inflammation.
    • Elevated immunoglobulins (IgM, IgG), rheumatoid factors, and immune complexes were detected in cerebrospinal fluid.
    • These findings suggest an immune-mediated pathogenesis.

    Implications:

    • Rheumatoid pachymeningitis can be localized to discrete regions of the central nervous system.
    • Surgical decompression and corticosteroid therapy were effective in managing the patient's neurologic deficits.
    • The pathogenesis likely involves immune reactions similar to those seen in other rheumatoid arthritis manifestations.