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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
Published on: April 19, 2019
Divergent and Chemoselective Transformations of Thioamides with Designed Carbene Equivalents
Masato Saito1, Yusuke Kobayashi1, Yoshiji Takemoto1
1Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
Abstract:
The reactions of thioamides with ortho-nitro-substituted iodonium ylides proceeded under mild conditions to give enaminones or thiazoles, depending on the iodonium ylide used. This protocol allowed the use of protic solvents, including aqueous solutions, and therefore coupling reactions with complex molecules such as peptides or steroids were possible. A mild and efficient method for the synthesis of various iodonium ylides was established. DFT calculations suggested that the halogen bonding between a thioamide and iodonium ylide was important in this chemoselective coupling reaction. The potential use of enaminones conjugated with pharmaceuticals as prodrugs was also demonstrated.
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