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Three-dimensional SAFT imaging for anisotropic materials using photoacoustic microscopy.

K Nakahata1, K Karakawa1, K Ogi1

  • 1Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.

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|June 18, 2019
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Summary

Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) with synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) enables 3D imaging of subsurface flaws in materials like carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP). Optimizing light absorption enhances signal-to-noise ratio for accurate flaw detection.

Keywords:
AnisotropyCarbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP)Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM)Subsurface flawSynthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nondestructive Testing
  • Ultrasonic Imaging

Background:

  • Pulsed lasers generate photoacoustic (PA) waves via thermoelastic expansion.
  • Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) uses confocal laser and ultrasonic waves for imaging.
  • Synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) is crucial for 3D imaging of internal flaws.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the application of PAM with SAFT for nondestructive testing (NDT) of subsurface flaws.
  • To accurately image a subsurface delamination in a carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) specimen.
  • To investigate methods for improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in PA wave detection.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a PAM system with a confocal laser and ultrasonic wave.
  • Applied the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) for 3D imaging.
  • Accounted for directional group velocity variations in anisotropic CFRP materials within SAFT.
  • Coated the CFRP surface with a light-absorbent material.

Main Results:

  • Accurately estimated the shape and location of a subsurface delamination in a CFRP specimen.
  • Demonstrated the effectiveness of considering anisotropic group velocity in SAFT for precise flaw localization.
  • Observed improved PA wave amplitude and SNR by using a light-absorbent surface coating.

Conclusions:

  • PAM combined with anisotropic-aware SAFT provides accurate 3D NDT of internal flaws in complex materials.
  • Surface treatment to enhance light absorption is a viable strategy to improve PA wave detection sensitivity.
  • This approach shows significant potential for inspecting composite materials and detecting delaminations.