Light Fields for Face Analysis

The term "plenoptic" comes from the Latin words plenus ("full") + optic. The plenoptic function is the 7-dimensional function representing the intensity of the light observed from every position and direction in 3-dimensional space. Thanks to the plenoptic function it is thus possible to define the direction of every ray in the light-field vector function. Imaging systems are rapidly evolving with the emergence of light-field-capturing devices. Consequently, existing image-processing techniques need to be revisited to match the richer information provided. This article explores the use of light fields for face analysis. This field of research is very recent but already includes several works reporting promising results. Such works deal with the main steps of face analysis and include but are not limited to: face recognition; face presentation attack detection; facial soft-biometrics classification; and facial landmark detection. This article aims to review the state of the art on light fields for face analysis, identifying future challenges and possible applications.