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Related Concept Videos

Inertial Frames of Reference01:03

Inertial Frames of Reference

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Newton’s first law is usually considered to be a statement about reference frames. It provides a method for identifying a special type of reference frame: the inertial reference frame. In principle, we can make the net force on a body zero. If its velocity relative to a given frame is constant, then that frame is said to be inertial. So, by definition, an inertial reference frame is a reference frame where Newton's first law holds valid. Newton's first law applies to objects with...
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Non-inertial Frames of Reference01:27

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A reference frame accelerating or decelerating relative to an inertial frame is a non-inertial frame. To help understand this, consider what taking off in an airplane, turning a corner in a car, riding a merry-go-round, and the circular motion of a tropical cyclone all have in common. All these systems are accelerating, decelerating, or rotating relative to the Earth; hence, they all are non-inertial frames. All these systems exhibit inertial forces, which merely seem to arise from motion,...
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In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
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Members Made of Elastoplastic Material01:19

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The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
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Genetic Material01:20

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Within the human body, a complex and detailed system of trillions of cells works in unison to sustain life. Each cell houses a nucleus, which contains 46 chromosomes divided into 23 pairs. Chromosomes are highly coiled structures made of the genetic material DNA. These chromosomes are essential carriers of genetic information, with half inherited from the mother through her egg and the other half from the father's sperm, combining to create the unique genetic makeup of an individual.
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In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Characterization of Full Set Material Constants and Their Temperature Dependence for Piezoelectric Materials Using Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy
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Development and Characterization of a Multimycotoxin Reference Material.

Melissa M Phillips1, Tomás M López Seal1, Jennifer M Ness2

  • 1U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Chemical Sciences Division, Gaithersburg, MD.

Journal of AOAC International
|June 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New certified reference material (RM) for multiple mycotoxins in corn aids food safety testing. This RM supports accurate quality assurance in multimycotoxin analysis, crucial for international food safety standards.

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Reference Materials

Background:

  • Matrix-matched reference materials (RMs) are essential for quality assurance in food and dietary supplement analysis.
  • Accurate mycotoxin determination in foods is a global concern.
  • Existing RMs often target single mycotoxins, necessitating multiple materials for multitarget methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a naturally incurred RM for multiple mycotoxins in corn.
  • To support laboratories utilizing LC-MS-based multimycotoxin analysis.
  • To enhance quality assurance for mycotoxin testing in food matrices.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed homogeneity using stratified random sampling and mycotoxin mass fraction measurements.
  • Evaluated multiple sample sizes to optimize homogeneity.
  • Determined mycotoxin levels via interlaboratory comparison and isotope dilution LC-tandem MS.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed and certified SRM 1565 Mycotoxins in Corn.
  • Established a robust workflow for creating multimycotoxin RMs.
  • Demonstrated effective quality assurance for multimycotoxin analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The developed RM, SRM 1565, provides a reliable tool for mycotoxin quantification.
  • The study established a framework for future development of multimycotoxin RMs in various food matrices.
  • This advancement supports international efforts in food safety and accurate mycotoxin testing.